روبرت بلوتش

روبرت بلوتش
ولد	5 أبريل 1917(1917-04-05) شيكاغو، إلينوي، الولايات المتحدة
توفي	23 سبتمبر 1994 (العمر: 77 عاماً) لوس أنجلوس، الولايات المتحدة
الاسم الأدبي	Tarleton Fiske, Will Folke, Nathan Hindin, E. K. Jarvis, Wilson Kane, John Sheldon, Collier Young
الوظيفة	روائي، كاتب قصص قصيرة
الجنسية	أمريكي
فترة الكتابة	1934—1994
نوع أدبي	أدب الجريمة، أدب الرعب، الخيال العلمي
أعمال هامة	سايكو
تأثر :::هوارد فيليبس لافكرافت
أثر :::ستيفن كينغ

روبرت إلبرت بلوتش (بالإنجليزية: Robert Albert Bloch) (من 05أبريل، 1917 إلى 23 سبتمبر، 1994) كان كاتب أمريكي مسهب، وخاصة في أدب الجريمة، أدب الرعب والخيال العلمي. ومن أشهر روايته سايكو والتي حولها للسينما المخرج ألفريد هيتشكوك في فيلمه الشهير سايكو.

وقد كتب بلوتش المئات من القصص الصغيره وأكثر من عشرون روايه، عادة في أدب الجريمة، أدب الرعب والخيال العلمي، بما فيها الأكثر شهرة في أدب الرعب سايكو. وقد تأثر كثيرا بالكاتب هوارد فيليبس لافكرافت الذي راقب بلوتش وشجعه بجدية في بداياته على الكتابه.

وقد حصل بلوتش على العديد من الجوائز خلال حياته ومنها جائزة هوغو (بالإنجليزية: Hugo Award)، جائزة برام ستوكر (بالإنجليزية: Bram Stoker Award) وجائزة العالم الخيالي (بالإنجليزية: World Fantasy Award).

الخلفيه

Bloch was born in Chicago, the son of Raphael "Ray" Bloch (1884–1952), a bank cashier, and his wife Stella Loeb (1880–1944), a social worker, both of German-Jewish descent. Bloch's family moved to Maywood, a Chicago suburb, when he was five. He attended the Methodist Church there despite his parents' Jewish heritage. At eight or nine years of age, living in Maywood, he attended a screening of Lon Chaney, Sr.'s Phantom of the Opera late at night on his own. The scene of Chaney removing his mask terrified the young Bloch.

زيجاته وعائلته

Bloch married his first wife Marion Bloch in a ceremony which was basically a marriage of convenience to keep Bloch out of the army. Marion later suffered from undiagnosed tuberculosis of the bone. After working for 11 years for the Gustave Marx Advertising Agency in Milwaukee, Bloch left in 1953 and moved to Weyauwega, Marion's home town, so she could be close to friends and family. Although she was eventually cured of tuberculosis, she and Bloch divorced in 1963. Bloch's daughter Sally (born 1943 and then twnety years old) elected to stay with him.

In 1964 Bloch met recently widowed Eleanor Alexander and wed her in a civil ceremony on Oct 16 of that year. They honeymooned in Tahiti, and in 1965 visited London, then British Columbia. They remained happily married until Bloch's death.

وفاته

توفي بلوتش في لوس أنجلوس عام 1994 ودفن بها مع قبر زوجته إيلي.

ببليوجرافيا

الروايات

• The Scarf (1947, rev. 1966)
• Spiderweb (1954)
• The Kidnapper (1954)
• The Will to Kill (1954)
• Shooting Star (1958) (note: published in a double volume with the ss collection Terror in the Night)
• This Crowded Earth (1958)
• Psycho (1959) (adapted into the 1960 film, Psycho, directed by Alfred Hitchcock; later remade in 1998 by Gus Van Sant)
• The Dead Beat (1960)
• Firebug (1961)
• The Couch (1962)
• Terror (1962)
• Ladies Day / This Crowded Earth (1968)
• The Star Stalker (1968)
• The Todd Dossier (1969)
• Sneak Preview (1971)
• It's All in Your Mind (1971)
• Night World (1972)
• American Gothic (1974)
• Strange Eons (1978) (a Cthulhu Mythos novel)
• There Is a Serpent in Eden (1979)
• Psycho II (1982) (unrelated to the film of the same name)
• Night of the Ripper (1984)
• Unholy Trinity (1986) (collects The Scarf, The Couch and The Dead Beat)
• Lori (1989)
• Screams: Three Novels of Suspense (collects The Will to Kill, Firebug and The Star Stalker)
• Psycho House (1990) (unrelated to the films Psycho II, Psycho III or Psycho IV: The Beginning)
• The Jekyll Legacy (1991)
• Yours Truly, Jack the Ripper (1991) (Pulphouse; a 100-copy hardbound signed edition of Bloch's famous short story)
• The Thing (1993) (Pretentious Press; a limited edition of 85 copies, only 9 bound in cloth, of the author's first appearance in print - a parody of H.P. Lovecraft which originally appeared in the April 1932 issue of The Quill, his Lincoln High School literary magazine)
• Psycho - The 35th Anniversary Edition (1994) (Gauntlet Press; limited edition of 500 copies; the last work to be signed by Bloch before his death; includes a new intro by Richard Matheson and a new Afterword by Ray Bradbury)

مختارات القصص الصغيرة

• The Thing (1932) actually a single short story (parodying the style of H.P. Lovecraft, the author's first, but initially published in book form by The Pretentious Press in (1993)
• A Portfolio Of Some Rare And Exquisite Poetry By The Bard Of Bards (1937 or 1938) written under the pseudonym Sarcophagus W. Dribble. One page folded to make 4. Poetry.
• The Opener of the Way (1945)
• Sea Kissed (1945)
• Terror in the Night (1958) (note: published in a double volume with the novel Shooting Star)
• Pleasant Dreams: Nightmares (1960)
• Blood Runs Cold (1961)
• Nightmares (1961)
• More Nightmares (1961)
• Yours Truly, Jack the Ripper (1962)
• Atoms and Evil (1962)
• Horror 7 (1963)
• Bogey Men (1963)
• House of the Hatchet (1965)
• The Skull of the Marquis de Sade (1965)
• Tales in a Jugular Vein (1965)
• Chamber of Horrors (1966)
• The Living Demons (1967)
• Dragons and Nightmares (1968)
• Bloch and Bradbury (1969)
• Fear Today, Gone Tomorrow (1971)
• House of the Hatchet (1976)
• The King of Terrors (1977)
• The Best of Robert Bloch (1977)
• Cold Chills (1977)
• Out of the Mouths of Graves (1978)
• Such Stuff as Screams Are Made Of (1979)
• Mysteries of the Worm (1981)
• Midnight Pleasures (1987)
• Lost in Space and Time With Lefty Feep (1987)
• The Complete Stories of Robert Bloch: Volume 1: Final Reckonings (1987)
• The Complete Stories of Robert Bloch: Volume 2: Bitter Ends (1987)
• The Complete Stories of Robert Bloch: Volume 3: Last Rites (1987)
• Fear and Trembling (1989)
• Mysteries of the Worm (rev. 1993) from Chaosium books
• The Early Fears (1994)
• Flowers from the Moon and Other Lunacies (1998)
• The Lost Bloch: Volume 1: The Devil With You! (1999)
• The Lost Bloch: Volume 2: Hell on Earth (2000)
• The Lost Bloch: Volume 3: Crimes and Punishments (2002)
• The Reader's Bloch: Volume 1: The Fear Planet and Other Unusual Destinations (2005)
• The Reader's Bloch: Volume 2: Skeleton in the Closet and Other Stories (2009)

غير خيالي

• The Eighth Stage of Fandom (1962)
• Out of My Head (1986)
• Once Around the Bloch: An Unauthorized Autobiography (1993)
• Robert Bloch: Appreciations of the Master (1995)

الجوائز

• 1959. "That Hell-Bound Train" Hugo Award for Best Short Story
• 1975. World Fantasy Award, Life Achievement
• 1984. Hugo Special Award for 50 years as a science fiction professional
• 1989. Bram Stoker Award, Life Achievement
• 1993. Once Around the Bloch: An Unauthorized Autobiography Bram Stoker, Superior Achievement in Non-Fiction
• 1994. The Early Fears Bram Stoker, Superior Achievement in a Fiction Collection
• 1994. "The Scent of Vinegar" Bram Stoker, Superior Achievement in Long Fiction

الأفلام

The following is a list of films based on Bloch's work. For some of these he wrote the original screenplay; for others, he supplied the story or a novel (as in the case of Psycho) on which the screenplay was based.

• Psycho (1960)
• The Couch (1962)
• The Cabinet of Caligari (1962)
• Strait-Jacket (1964)
• The Night Walker (1964)
• The Skull (1965)
• The Psychopath (1966)
• Torture Garden (1967)
• The Deadly Bees (1967)
• The House That Dripped Blood (1970)
• Asylum (1972)
• The Cat Creature (Tv movie 1973)
• The Dead Don't Die (Tv movie 1974)
• The Amazing Captain Nemo (1978)[Bloch penned one episode, in collaboration with five other writers who worked on the script]
• Psycho (1998)

وصلات خارجية

• مؤلفات روبرت بلوتش في مشروع غوتنبرغ
• The Bat Is My Brother: The Unofficial Robert Bloch Website
• روبرت بلوتش في مشروع الدليل المفتوح

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